Category Archives: April 2015

Acessory Abductor_HannahSugirthabai

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Study on accessory abductor dieiti minimi
Aruna S1,RajilaRajendran HS2, Vaithianathan G2, Balaji T2, Saran S2


1Department of Anatomy, Indira Gandhi Medical College & Research Institute, Pondicherry

2Department of Anatomy, Chettinad Hospital & Research Institute, IT Highway, Kelambakkam, Kanchipuram District, Tamil Nadu, India
ABSTRACT
Background

Abductor digiti minimi (ADM) along with other hypothenar muscles, is prone to lot of variations. Its close relation to the ulnar neurovascular bundle makes it an important muscle. The most common being the presence of accessory slips (accessory ADM [AADM]). The embryological basis for such slips, their morphology and their relation to ulnar neurovascular bundle were studied in detail.

Material Methods

A total of 100 upper limbs (80 males and 20 females) were studied for the presence or absence of AADM and its relation to ulnar nerve (UN) and vessels were studied in detail.

Results

Of these 100, four limbs had AADM, in which three were superficial to the ulnar artery and nerve and hence compressing them.

Conclusion

Presence of AADM can result in hypothenar hammer syndrome of ulnar artery and/or in compression neuropathy of UN and cause undue problems during any flap surgeries and other procedures of the hand.
KEY WORDS
Accessory abductor digiti minimi, compression neuropathies, hypothenar hammer syndrome, ulnar artery, ulnar nerve.

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Holy water_Zewdu

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Prevalence of use of holy water as complementary treatment among PLWHA at Debrebrihan Referral Hospital and Health Centre, North East, Ethiopia: Cross-sectional study
Kebede A,1 Shewangizaw Z2
Regional monitoring and evaluation advisor,1 Lecturer2
1Department of Monitoring & Evaluation, Regional Monitoring and Evaluation Advisor, Management Science for Health,2Departmnet of Nursing, Collage of Medicine and Health Sciences, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
ABSTRACT
AimThe study was intended to determine the level of use of holy water as antiretroviral (ARV) treatment among people living with human immune virus (HIV)/AIDS (PLWHA) at Debrebrihan Hospital and Health Centre, Northeast, Ethiopia.Background

Holy water use in the form of a drink and a shower is the main treatment used by the PLWHAs together with other spiritual practices. A growing number of PLWHA in Ethiopia today are relocating to holy water sites.

Material Methods

A cross-sectional study design with systematic random sampling through a structured questionnaire by way of interview among 422 respondents in Debrebrihan Hospital and Health Centre from December 26 2011 to January 26, 2012 were conducted. Single proportion formula with P = 50% used to determine the sample size. Frequency and percentage were computed by the SPSS statically software.

Results

A total of 422 respondents was included in the study with a median age of 35 years; most of them were females 262 (62.1%) and 168 (39.8%) were married. Among the respondents 282 (66.8%) had experience of using holy water. The result also shown that 73 (25.9%) of respondents reported that it is not convenient to take medication while using holy water with spiritual fear of using ARV drugs and holy water together 51 (69.9%).

Conclusion

The study concludes that the use of holy water as treatment of HIV/AIDS by patients and more than half of the study participants visit the holy water site b/c of most of them believe which is a result of sanity and punishment from God. The findings have also important implication in the use of mixed treatment for drug adherence through appropriate advocacy, education and cultural appropriate nearby treatment site depends on the study finding.
KEY WORDS
Adherence, alternative medicine, antiretroviral drugs, spiritual, traditional

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Lower limb amputation_Nadeep Ali

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Current trends of major lower limb amputations at a tertiary care center of Jammu, India

Maqsood M,1 Ali N,2 Bhat A,2 Bangroo FA,2 Dhanda MS,3 Singh R4

Junior Resident,1 Senior Resident,2 Assistant Professor,3 Associate Professor4

1Department of Anaesthesiology, Government Medical College, Jammu, Jammu & Kashmir, India

2,3Department of Orthopaedics, Shaheed Hasan Khan Mewati Government Medical College Mewat, Haryana, India

4Department of Orthopaedics, Government Medical College, Jammu, Jammu & Kashmir, India
ABSTRACT
AimThe aim of this study is to look for the current and any changing trends in the major lower limb amputations (LLAs) in the developing countries. Background

Amputation is the last treatment option in limbs, which are not salvageable or when the diseased limb poses a threat to the life of the patient. Indications of LLA are many, but trauma is the leading cause of major LLA in the developing nations, while as peripheral vascular disease (PVD) and diabetes is the most common indication in developed nations.

Material Methods

This prospective study was conducted from December 2012 to October 2013 in Government Medical College, Jammu, a tertiary care center of North India. Demographic profile of the patients along with indications, level of amputation, peri-operative complications and additional procedures required in the patients who had major LLAs during the study period were recorded. The date was analyzed by appropriate statistical tests.

Results

There were 33 major LLAs performed at an average rate of 3 per month. Average age of patients was 43.5 years with 88.87% patients being males. 30.56% amputations were traumatic while as PVD and diabetes was the etiology in 19.44% and 16.67% amputations, respectively. Two patients expired in the post-operative period. Infection of the stump was the most common local complication in the post-operative period.

Conclusion

Trauma still is the most common cause of LLAs in the developing nations, but amputations for complications of diabetes is on the rise and may be the leading etiology in future.
KEY WORDS
Amputation, Buerger’s disease, diabetes, peripheral vascular disease.

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Road traffic accident_Seth Sarad

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A retrospective study of road traffic accidents – injury characteristics, management and outcome at Rohilkhand Medical College and Hospital, Bareilly
Seth S,1 Agarwal K,2 Agarwal P3
Associate Professor,1 Professor,2 Internship Student3
1-3Department of Surgery, Rohilkhand Medical College and Hospital, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
ABSTRACT
Aim

This is a retrospective study carried out in Rohilkhand Medical College and Hospital, Bareilly to study the injury characteristics, management and outcome of road traffic accidents and factors responsible for these injuries.

Background

Urbanization has led to an increased number of vehicles on the roads. This together with an extreme apathy on the part of authorities to implement traffic rules has led to a phenomenal rise in the number of road traffic accidents. Lack of a proper pre-hospital care system has only added to the woes. Thus, the need for this study.

Material Methods

All case records of road traffic accident victims admitted to the hospital between January and
December 2013 were analyzed statistically with respect to their demographic profile, injury characteristics, management and outcome. The revised trauma score was used to assess the patients and study its reliability in predicting mortality at the time of presentation to the casualty.

Results

This study showed that the majority of crash victims were males in the age group 21-40 years accounting for huge economic losses for their families and the country at large. Motorized
two-wheeler accounted for 62.5% of the accidents. Musculoskeletal injuries (57.5%) were the most common injuries, followed by those to the face, neck, and head. Local wound treatment (72%) was the most common surgical procedure performed. About 12.5% of the trauma victims did not survive their injury.

Conclusion

Road traffic accidents are preventable. Strict traffic laws and penalties have to be imposed to curb this ever growing menace.
KEY WORDS
Accidents, Wounds and Injuries, Treatment outcomes.

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Risk Factor for malnutrition_Sweta Goyal

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Risk factors for severe acute malnutrition in Central India
Goyal S,1 Agarwal N2

Assistant Professor1,2,
1Department of Pediatrics, Chirayu Medical College, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India,2Department of Pediatrics, Gajara Raja Medical College, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, India
ABSTRACT
AIMTo identify risk factors for severe malnutrition in children <5 years age. mation is available on determinants of SAM.Background

Severe acute malnutrition (SAM) is a major cause of childhood morbidity and mortality in our country. However, little information is available on determinants of SAM.

Material Methods

This was a prospective study done over a period of one year at a tertiary care hospital. Children under five years of age with SAM were enrolled, and the risk factors leading to malnutrition were identified.

Results

The risk factors contributing to malnutrition were poor socioeconomic status, parental illiteracy, overcrowding, lack of immunization, lack of awareness among caregivers regarding appropriate child feeding practices.

Conclusion

To decrease the prevalence of malnutrition, it is essential to provide education to caregivers about appropriate feeding practices. g appropriate child feeding practices.
KEY WORDS
India, risk factors, severe acute malnutrition.

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Dermatoglyphic_Vijay Nayak

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Dermatoglyphic study of diabetes mellitus Type 2 in Maharashtrian population
Nayak V,1 Shrivastava U,2 Kumar S,3 Balkund K4

Assistant professor1,2,4,Professor & Head3
1,2Department of Anatomy, Chirayu Medical College & Hospital, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India3Department of Anatomy, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra, India4Department of Anatomy, Malabar Medical College, Calicut, Kerala, India
ABSTRACT
BackgroundDermatoglyphic patterns of the individual are genetically determined and once formed they remains constant throughout the life, prevalence of diabetes mellitus is increasing drastically in developing countries particularly in India, in the present study an attempt has been made to find an association of the dermatoglyphic patterns of the individual and diabetes mellitus Type 2.

Material Methods

This study was carried out on 50 patients of Type 2 diabetes mellitus confirmed by clinical and laboratory assessment obtained from outpatient department of Department of medicine from command hospital, Pune. The control group for study consists of 50 subjects and was obtained from local residents of Maharashtra, teaching and non-teaching staff from our hospital. Palmar and finger prints of both hands were taken using ink and pad method as described by Cummins and Midlow.

Results

In the present study analysis of loops, arches and whorls revealed that there is no significant difference in the no of radial and ulnar loops, number of arches, true and composite whorls between diabetes Type-2 patient and non-diabetic (normal) subjects. On the other hand, analysis of “a-t-d” angle revealed that angle was significantly increased in diabetic patients than control
subjects.

Conclusion

It can be concluded that qualitative fingertip parameters such as arches, radial loops, ulnar loops show fluctuating asymmetry and hence are not useful for prediction of diabetes. The only parameter, which does not show fluctuating asymmetry with previous studies is “a-t-d” angle. Hence, it can be concluded that this parameter is useful for pre detection of diabetes by dermatoglyphic studies.
KEY WORDS
Arches and whorls, ‘a-t-d’ angle, dermatoglyphics, diabetes mellitus, loops.

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India new born_Deepshikha

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India newborn action plan

Sharma D

Consultant Pediatrics and Neonatology

Shalby Hospital, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
ABSTRACT
INAP is India’s renewed commitment to end preventable stillbirths and newborn deaths with a clear understanding that almost all of these deaths and subsequent disabilities are preventable; the plan is concerted effort toward translating these commitments into meaningful change for newborn.
KEY WORDS
India Newborn Action Plan, Neonatal Mortality, Still birth.

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