Category Archives: April 2015

Carcinoma of Anal Canal_Gupta AK

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Cancers of anal canal: A review article
Gupta AK,1 Gupta AK,2 Gupta A,3 Gupta A,4 Pargi AK,5 Dubepuria R6
PG Resident,1,5,6 Assistant Professor,2 Professor & Head,3 Associate Professor4
1,2,3,5,6Department of Surgery, Gajra Raja Medical College, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, India6Department of Radio diagnosis, Gajra Raja Medical College, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, India
ABSTRACT
Malignant tumours of the anal canal are rare and diverse group of tumours of gastrointestinal tract and comprises of 2.5 percent of all digestive system malignancy in United States. Although incidence rates are still low, there has been a significant increase in squamous cell carcinoma over the last 50 years. HIV infected homosexual men appear particularly at risk. HPV DNA is detectable in most anal squamous cell carcinomas. Despite its short length, the anal canal produces a variety of tumour types reflecting its complex anatomic and histological structure.Squamous, glandular, transitional, and melanocytic components occur at this site, either alone, or in combination. Due to the paucity of this malignancy it has been difficult to establish generally accepted guidelines for treatment. While for some neoplasms, the treatment of choice is clear-cut, for others it is still controversial. This review article makes an attempt to clarify current clinical, pathological and therapeutic options for anal canal tumors in the light of recent information.
KEY WORDS
Abdominoperineal Ressection (APR), Anal Canal Carcinoma, Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Human Papilloma Virus (HPV).

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Pyoderma Gangrenosum_Narayan SR

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A case report of pyoderma gangrenosum in bartholin abscess: A rare misdiagnosis
Narayan SR1, Avishek DO2, Sujata S3, Monalisa P4, Kumar TT5

Assistant Professor,1 Senior resident,2 Associate Professor,3 Post Graduate4,5
1-5Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, SCB Medical College, Cuttack, Odisha, India
ABSTRACT
Pyoderma gangrenosum is a rare ulcerative cutaneous condition due to dysregulation of immune system with a female predominance. A 20yr old unmarried female presented with chief complaint of fever and a painful perineal swelling with foul smelling discharge from it and was initially diagnosed as a Bartholin abscess for which drainage with marsupialisation done. But in a time of 3days it turned into a necrotizing ulcer and was re-diagnosed with help of dermatologists as pyoderma gangrenosum which responded well to steroids by rapid healing.
KEY WORDS
Bartholin abscess, cutaneous ulcer, pyoderma gangrenosum.

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Minimal Change Disease_Narang Sanjeev

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Minimal Change Disease

Narang S

Professor
Department of Pathology, Index Medical College Hospital and Research Center, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
ABSTRACT
  • Minimal change disease or nephrosis lipoid

On light microscopy, of changes devoid.

  • 80% of nephrotics, it does comprise

Boys below 16 years pay the price.

  • Idiopathic it is, cause unknown

Possible mechanisms immune have been shown.

  • In the net of protein loss, albumin is caught

Label of selective proteinuria, it has got.

  • No change grossly it does produce

Shape and size, increase nor reduce.

  • Changes in glomeruli and tubules are slight

Noted this is on microscopy light.

  • On EM, fl at, foot processes of podocytes seen

Labeled as the foot process disease it has been.

  • Immunofl uorescence - absent deposits does claim

Hence, “nil deposit disease” is also its name.
KEY WORDS
Minimal Change Disease, Kidney, Nephrotic Disease.

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Cutis Marmorata_Ambey Ravi

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Cutis Marmorata Telengiectatica Congenita in an Infant

Gogia P,1 Ambey R2
Postgraduate Student,1 Assistant Professsor2

1,2Gajra Raja Medical College, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, India
ABSTRACT
A 3-month-old male infant was brought to the hospital with the complaint of the reticulated pattern over the skin of limb and trunk. The pattern was present since birth. The blue - purplish marbled, reticulated pattern of the skin was present on the right lower limb and trunk with a sharp cutoff line at midline. The pattern was having multiple indentations, which is the characteristic feature of cutis marmorata telengiectatica congenita. The pattern was getting prominent on crying and cold exposure. Ophthalmic examination was normal. There was no associated systemic abnormality.
KEY WORDS
Cutis marmorata telengiectatica congenital, reticulated pattern, infant.

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Neurofibroma in Neurofibromatosis_Khandwal Onkar

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Bilateral plexiform neurofibroma in Neurofibromatosis type 1: A case report and literature review
Phuljhele S,1 Hura KS,2 Ramnani K,2 Khandwal O3
Associate Professor & Head,1 Assistant Professor,2 Associate Professsor3
1-3Department of Pediatrics, PT JNM Medical College & BR Ambedkar Memorial Hospital, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
ABSTRACT
Neurofibromatosis Type 1 is a multisystem autosomal dominant neurocutaneous disorder. Plexiform neurofibroma involves peripheral and cranial nerves. It is usually congenital in origin and a frequent cause of morbidity and mortality.
KEY WORDS
Neurofibromatosis Type 1, plexiform neurofibroma, scoliosis.

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Thanatophoric dysplasia_Ghanghoriya Pawan

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Thanatophoric dysplasia type 1: A rare case of recurrence
Ghanghoriya P,1 Ghanghoriya V,2 Singh KN, 3 Pahariya R4
Associate Professor,1,3 Assistant professor,2 Resident4
1Department of Pediatrics, Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Medical College, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India2,3,4Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Medical College, Jabalpur, Madhya
ABSTRACT
Thanatophoric dysplasia (TD) is the most common form of lethal dysplasias. The prevalence is low 1/20000-1/40000. Newborns with TD died within the neonatal period. Early diagnosis is of prime importance to terminate the pregnancy in time. Recurrence of TD is not reported, but the possibility is always there.
KEY WORDS
Early antenatal diagnosis, recurrence, thanatophoric dysplasia.

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Collodion baby_Khandwal Onkar

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Collodion baby: A case report
Phuljhele S,1 Hura KS,2 Khandwal O3
Associate Professor & Head,1 Assistant Professor,2 Associate Professsor3

1-3Department of Pediatrics, PT JNM Medical College & BR Ambedkar Memorial Hospital, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
ABSTRACT
Collodion baby is a genodermatosis in which neonate’s whole body is covered with thick skin termed as collodion membrane. Majority of collodion baby eventually develop autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis. It is associated with high morbidity and mortality.
KEY WORDS
Collodion baby, congenital disorder, genodermatosis

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Effect of Yoga on Blood Sugar_Suman Rai

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Comparison of effect of yoga on fasting blood sugar level,lipid profile and blood pressure in diabetes patient with addiction and without addiction
Suman Rai,1 Julka K,2 Chaorasia RS3
Assistant Professor,1,3 Associate Professor2
1Department of Physiology, Index Medical College Hospital & Research Centre, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India2Department of Radiodiagnosis, Index Medical College Hospital & Research Centre, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India3Department of Anatomy, Index Medical College Hospital & Research Centre, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
ABSTRACT
AimIn the present study, an attempt was made to evaluate the benefi cial effects of pranayama on glycemic control, hypertension and dyslipidemia between addicted diabetic and non-addicted diabetic patients.

Background

Diabetes is a global epidemic and it has been posing a biggest threat ever witnessed with devastating human, social and economic consequences.

Material Methods

The study was conducted on 28 male patients suffering from diabetes mellitus Type-II between the age group of 30-60 years, for the period of 6 month at Index Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Indore. Subject will be practicing yoga or simple pranayama (breathing exercise) for approximately 5 min for a period of 6 months.

Results

The result of this study suggests that after 6 months of yogic exercises there is a significant decline in fasting blood sugar level of subjects who have no addiction, but lipid profile and blood pressure do not show any significant change either on addicted or non-addicted diabetes patients. The effect of yoga practice on various parameters were recorded and statistically analyzed by paired t-test for evaluation.

Conclusion

Diabetes mellitus silently progress it compromises the function of many of the system so, people should not delay in achieving the effective control. Yoga can be an adjuvant, but not a replacement for tested and tried medical management of diabetes mellitus Type II.
KEY WORDS
Addiction, diabetes, Pranayama.

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Nutritional Rehabilitation_Balkishan Sharma

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Role of nutrition rehabilitation center and dietary practices of mother associated with malnutrition and anemia among children
Richa Gupta,1 Balkishan Sharma2

Research scholar,1 Associate Professor (Biostatistics)2
1Department of Food and Nutrition, New Girls Degree College, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India

2Department of Community Medicine, Sri Aurobindo Medical College & P.G. Institute, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
ABSTRACT
Background

Malnutrition has acknowledged and well documented. Optimal nutrient intake contributes significantly to malnutrition and anemia. The authors aimed to assess the significance of nutrition rehabilitation center and knowledge of dietary practices of mother to cope with anemia among severely malnourished children.

Material Methods

A prospective observational study was conducted at different Nutritional Rehabilitation Centers (NRCs). 250 severe under five malnourished children (<−3 standard deviation) selected as subjects. 200 subjects were included in the study group who were counseled in nutrition rehabilitation centers while 50 subjects served as control chosen from different slum areas. Study and control subjects were monitored at the time of admissions and after a follow-up of 3 months.

Results

No significant (P > 0.05) difference and association were detected in control. More than half (62.5%) of mothers in the study group has gained knowledge of nutrition after counseling at NRCs and measured with highly significant association between knowledge of mothers regarding nutrition (P < 0.001), about growth elements (P < 0.001), hemoglobin enhancer element (P < 0.001), and feed during birth (P < 0.001) with measurements (baseline and final). Moreover, the knowledge of dietary practices of the mother is significantly influenced the malnutrition and anemic status of children impacted the effectiveness of NRCs.

Conclusion

NRCs have been playing a prominent role to cope with malnutrition along with anemia. Appropriate counseling of mothers in nutrition rehabilitation center about knowledge of nutrition and dietary practices may be provided potentially to prevent malnutrition and anemia among children.
KEY WORDS
Anemia, iron deficiency, malnutrition, micronutrient deficiencies, mother’s knowledge, nutrients.

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Platelet count by PS_Ritu Bajpai

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Platelet estimation by peripheral smear: Reliable, rapid, cost effective method to assess degree of thrombocytopenia
Bajpai R,1 Rajak C,2 Poonia M1

PG Resident,1,3 Professor2
1Department of Physiology, Shyam Shah Medical College, Rewa, Madhya Pradesh, India

2Department of Physiology, Shyam Shah Medical College, Rewa, Madhya Pradesh, India
ABSTRACT
AimTo compare the estimation of platelet count done by peripheral smear method and by automated cell counter.

Background

Thrombocytopenia is associated with many diseases such as malaria, dengue, pregnancy-induced hypertension, etc., and is one of the critical parameters in patient management. The automated method is considered as the most reliable method. It is simple, fast, and most widely used, but the accurate count of platelets by automated cell counters is not available for all patients, especially in rural areas. In such settings, platelet estimation by peripheral smear is more feasible, than by automated cell counter in thrombocytopenia patients.

Material Methods

A total of 92 ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid samples of patients were received in the laboratory and platelet count was evaluated by two techniques: (1) Automated platelet count, (2) Assessment of platelet count on Leishman’s stained smear.

Results

There is no signifi cant (P = 0.69) difference of values between our method of platelet estimation (0.94 ± 0.29 lacs/mm3) when compared with that of automated cell counter platelet value (0.91 lacs/mm3 ± 0.27).

Conclusion

The method of platelet estimation by peripheral smear is useful as a rapid, cheap method to assess platelet count and can be done in rural hospital settings.
KEY WORDS
Peripheral smear, platelet, thrombocytopenia.

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